Harakeke (New Zealand flax)

Phormium tenax

The gel-like sap from the leaf base is traditionally applied to wounds, burns, ulcers and grazes; the root was regarded as laxative and worm-expelling. Scientific evidence is limited.

Safety notes

Use externally only.

Cautions by tradition (1)

Healing traditions of Oceania: Use externally only.

Preparation

The sap from the leaf base is applied externally, directly to the skin; strips of leaf as bandages. The root juice was used internally, but no preparation or dosage is given here.

Use in traditions

Harakeke is of great importance to Māori: the leaf fibre (muka) is made into baskets, clothing, rope and nets, and the plant symbolises the family, with the young central leaf as a child protected by the outer leaves. In rongoā Māori the sap was spread on wounds and burns, strips of leaf served as bandages and splints, and juice from the crushed root was used as a laxative and against worms.

Applications

Use by tradition

How different herbal traditions describe this herb. Amounts are traditional guidelines checked for obvious errors; they are not medical advice. For poisonous plants no dosage is given on purpose.

Healing traditions of Oceania

Attributed effects

The gel-like sap from the leaf base on wounds, burns, boils and grazes; leaf strips as bandages and splints; root juice as a laxative and vermifuge.

Preparation and amount

The sap is pressed fresh from the leaf base and applied directly to the skin. Follow local knowledge and cultural protocols; no internal preparation or dosage is given here.

Caution: Use externally only.

Sources

All herbs from Oceania →